Glossary of Terms

API
Application Programming Interface
API Call
A network request to a server to carry out a particular task through an API
Audience
The number of Passport holders who have activated a Data Pass
Auth Service
Used by the Contracted PDA service, Auth Service provides a mechanism for obtaining a single short lived access token (JWT) for a set of PDAs. The short lived access token uses a public key id. This key is retrieved by the PDS requesting it from the Auth Service.
Contracted PDA
Refers to the PDA that a PDA owner has contracted with a Client to provide the Client’s Application with access credentials to a shared namespace via the Auth Service. Read more here.
Contracted Service Provider
A Client that operates an Application, and may operate another application or server used in conjunction with the Application, that has been provided with Contracted PDA access by a PDS Owner.
Conversion
The number of Individuals who have arrived to claim an offer through a transaction on a Merchant Data Terminal
Data Debit
A technical process of enabling access to PDA Data and/or file in the the File Storage System not associated with the primary PDA of a PDA-enabled application
Data Merchants
Users of Merchant Data Terminal software applications representing their organizations, that use the application to receive data shared by Passport holders
Data Pass
The description of a single or a bundle of data attributes pertaining to a Data Subject, together with the information of its source and verifier of the data. A Data Pass can be activated by a Data Subject and by activation, claim the data described in the Data Pass into their Personal Data Accounts (if not already in account), in readiness for sharing; A Data Pass can be transacted on by the Data Subject at a Merchant Data Terminal, thereby permitting the bundle of data described in the Data Pass to be shared through a direct license by the Data Subject from their PDA to Data Merchants.
Data Pass Network
A network of Passport holders and subscribed Merchants of a Data Passport Issuer
Data Pass Supplier or Verifier
A service provider that supplies and verifies a Data Pass from the data source of the Data Pass
Data Passport
The functionality within an Application that enables Data Passes to be activated and transacted upon by Data Subjects and for Data Subjects to discover and view the offers for their Data Passes that they qualify for in a way that is clear about the data they are using and that also protects their privacy.
Data Passport Holders
Legal entities (natural or legal persons) or their representatives who are users of a Data Passport
Data Passport System
A set of of applications integrated with Dataswift Technology Services and authorized by Dataswift Ltd to orchestrate third-party data transfers into PDAs, first-party data access and storage into PDAs and second-party data sharing from PDAs as well as contribute to the catalog of data sources and Data Passes available on all Data Passport Networks. The Data Passport System also enable offers against various Data Passes within Data Passports.
Data Passport Issuer
Owner of the Application with a Data Passport functionality.
Data Passport Market or Network
A market that matches Data Passes with data merchants and enable the customers to fulfill the match by arriving at data merchants and optionally transferring the data described by the Data Pass from their PDA to data merchants instructed through  a Data Passport; with the merchants receiving the data with a Merchant Data Terminal. A Data Passport Market or Network is set within a geographical area. Not to be confused with a Data Pass Network.
Data Passport Network Principals
Passport Issuers, Data Pass Suppliers and Data Merchant Acquirers 
Data Passport Network members 
Passport holders, Data Merchants and Data Sources
Data Passport Network Affiliates
Service Providers that participate indirectly in the activity of the network through the Sponsorship of a Network Principal or Member
Data Provider
General term for any organization that owns an application, Data Connector or Data Plug that is a technical service providing data directly into PDAs. 
Data Connector
API to API service authorized by Dataswift Ltd that connects a third party data source into PDAs. 
Data Plug
A special Data Connector authorized by Dataswift Ltd that connects an open API third party data source into PDAs as Data Subject Access Request
Data Sources or Data Source Supplier
An organisation that enables PDA owners to claim their data into PDAs through an authorized Data Connector or a Data Plug.
Dataswift One API
means Application Programming Interfaces developed by Dataswift to enable provision of its PDS infrastructure Services
Dataswift One Client
means a person or organisation that has entered into a Client Services Agreement with Dataswift and holds HCF membership, and is authorised to create PDA-enabled tools, apps, data connectors and make available PDAs to individuals
Dataswift ONE Platform
means the PDS Infrastructure Platform, managed by Dataswift, under the oversight of the HAT Community Foundation, that provides the technological, legal, governance and economic infrastructure to enable PDS/PDA owners to acquire, store and enable access to data within their PDAs.
Dataswift Technology Services
Technology Services offered by Dataswift that specify the Integration standards for roles in Data Passport Networks such as Client Service Agreement on Dataswift One, Merchant Data Terminal Agreement, Passport SaaS or API Agreement and Data Handling Agreements.
Dataswift Transactions
Data flows between Data Servers and a client app/website or server characterised through the Dataswift proprietary information flow control system. Outbound transactions are data flows out of a Data Server and Inbound transactions are data flows into a Data Server.
Dataswift Vault
A decentralised architecture of micro-database technology that ensures database owners’ data is stored in a secure, tightly-controlled and functional cloud database and separated from the data of all other database owners.
Developers Portal
Dataswift’s developer portal (currently accessible at https://developers.dataswift.io/ as the same may change from time to time)

Engagement
The number of Individuals who have marked an offer as a "Favourite" 
File Storage System
Files held in the S3 storage system offered by AWS and managed by Dataswift linked to specific PDAs PDAs and encrypted at rest.
First-Party Data
Data originating from an application where the primary storage of data is in PDAs e.g. Data Passports
HAT Framework
The Framework originally instituted by the HAT Research Project on privacy, security and ownership rights as well as the exchange, permission and execution models of the HAT Microserver; operationalised by the HAT Community Foundation, and implemented and operated by Dataswift Ltd.
HAT API
The APIs that enable interactions between a HAT Microserver and other systems (outside that HAT Microserver)
HAT Microserver
See Personal Data Server
HCF
The HAT Community Foundation, a company limited by guarantee registered in England and Wales with company number 9933330. HCF provides the regulatory and governance standards for Dataswift One Platform operated by Dataswift Ltd.
HMIC
HAT Microserver Instructions Contract: the contract set up by Dataswift between a PDA owner and organisations that owns a PDA-enabled Applications, Smart HAT Engine Functions, data connectors and data plugs to access, store and process the data held within the PDA or in the File Storage System.
Impressions
The number of views of offers for a Data Pass Legal Person Any legal entity that can act the way a human person can in law – such as enter into contracts, sue and be sued, own property, etc. 
Legal persons
can be organizations, natural persons or sovereign states.
Merchant Data Terminal
An application that is able to receive data from PDAs that may be integrated with ODAs.
Metadata
data obtained or derived by Dataswift as a result of providing the Services, issuing and managing ODAs/PDAs, and operating the Dataswift One Platform, which may include data or other information obtained or derived from any of the following (non-exhaustive list): Client’s use of the Services (which may include Personal Data); logs identifying user activity, action and frequency at ODA/PDA level; attributes of data exchanged via the Services; and behavioural analytics 
Namespace
An alphanumeric attribute of a data record used for addressing data within a server database, either directly via an API endpoint or using Data Debits. A PDA-enabled Application is typically assigned one namespace to freely read and write data.
Natural Person
A person (in legal meaning, i.e., one who has its own legal personality) that is an individual human being. Historically, a human being was not necessarily a natural person in some jurisdictions where slavery existed (subject of a property right) rather than a person.
Organization Data Server
Dataswift’s Infrastructure product that comprises the automated and scalable service provision of a web server and a Database owned by an organizational entity that can be used to collect, store and control access to organization data accounts, associated with a URL.
Organization Data Account
The service of storing, accessing and using data belonging to a namespace within the database of an Organization Data Server, delivered by Dataswift to websites and applications; and the set up of necessary permissions, authorisations and contracts for the namespace use between the database owner and applications.
ODA or ODS Owner
An organization who is also a legal person that has been provisioned an Organization Data Server by Dataswift and is the legal owner of the server database and its corresponding ODAs within the database and has the right to enter into HMICs for the purpose of granting access and storage of data into a ODA and licensing of data from an ODA.
Passport Holders
Data Subjects who are end users of the Passport Application and are also PDS/PDA owners and who license data from their PDAs using the Data Passport.
PDA Data
Data held in a PDA Owner’s PDA and data held in the File Storage System that is accessible by PDA owner.
PDA or PDS Owner
An individual who is a natural person and a data subject that has been provisioned a Personal Data Server by Dataswift and is the legal owner of the server database and its corresponding PDAs within the database and has the right to enter into HMICs for the purpose of granting access and storage of data into a PDA and licensing of data from a PDA.
PDS Provisioning Service (Hatters)
The PDS Provisioning Service (Hatters) service was built to serve as the main gateway into the Dataswift One platform for both users directly signing up for a PDS and developers to sign up their users.
PDS Cluster manager (Milliner)
The PDS Cluster Manager (Milliner) is a proprietary turnkey solution for running the PDSs at scale on public cloud infrastructure. In the case of the PDS, a microservice serves only one primary user as well as applications, requiring only a fraction of the storage and compute capabilities of a large enterprise system.
The PDS Cluster Manager also adopts the role of a credential broker that monitors underlying resources and manages underlying infrastructure, providing an administrative dashboard to monitor platform health. 
PDA-enabled user Application
A software application that is used by a Dataswift client, integrated with Dataswift One platform, that stores Data into a PDA and have access rights to or takes data out of a PDA, that the PDA owner has given permission by way of a HMIC and where access to the PDA is by way of an owner’s token.
PDA-Enabled Dashboard Application
A software application that is used by a Dataswift client, integrated with Dataswift One platform, that stores data into a PDA and have access rights to or takes data out of a PDA, that the PDS/PDA owner has given permission by way of a HMIC and where access to the PDA is by way of contracted PDA credentials.
PDS Dashboard
The PDS Dashboard app is a dashboard for a person’s PDS. It can:
View all information in the PDAs of an individual’s PDS
Enabling all approved Data Plugs for incoming data from various Internet services and applications.
Act as an Access control dashboard where permissions can be disabled
Personal Data
Any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person (an identifiable natural person being someone who can be identified directly or indirectly by reference to unique identifiers or other personal factors)
Personal Data Account (PDA)
The service of storing, accessing and using data belonging to a namespace within the database of a Personal Data Server, delivered by Dataswift to websites and applications; and the set up of necessary permissions, authorisations and contracts between the Server owner and applications for the use of the namespace.
Personal Data Server (PDS)
Dataswift’s Infrastructure product comprises the automated and scalable service provision of a web server and a Database owned by natural persons that can be used to collect, store and control access to Personal Data Accounts, associated with a URL. Also called HAT Microserver or Personal Database Server (legacy term)
Platform Personal Data
Any personal data within a PDA, that may or may not also exist within client servers or applications
Policy Stack (of Dataswift One)
A group of processes pertaining to legal, economic and governance principles and rules of Dataswift One Platform, increasing in abstraction from bottom to top.
Primary PDA/ODA
The primary namespace of an ODA/PDA-enabled application that the application has full access rights to read and write into.
Reach
The number of Passport holders that can view all Data Pass and Perks within a Data Pass Network
Regulated PDS
A PDS belonging to a PDS owner that is a regulated legal entity e.g. a child that is subject to stewardship and governance rules on data at rest, in transit and in use
Second-Party Data
Data licensed to other websites/apps that were originally third or first party data
Staging Environment Services
The environment within which applications are built and tested by developers as more particularly described in Schedule 2 (Services)
Smart HAT Engine Functions
Serverless functions that are tools to transform PDA data through algorithmic or analytic computations that deposit its outputs into a PDA, permissible by PDA owners through HMIC. SHE Functions sit within an environment where third-party code written in a number of different languages can operate on PDA data, and contribute outputs into PDAs without leaking the data to third parties.
Third-Party Data
Data originating elsewhere and is transferred into PDAs through a Data Connector or a Data Plug
Traffic Fee
The fee for the traffic originating from a Data Passport to the claim of offers/perks/services paid by Data Merchants
Transformed Data
Data is considered to be transformed if the original data from the APIs cannot be re-constructed from the transformed data
Transaction Controller (DEX)
The Transaction Controller (DEX) is a proprietary service, it logs all data related to data transfers in the PDS ecosystem, responds to PDS requests to create Data Debits, authorises PDS-enabled applications and associated HAT Microserver Instructions (HMI), holds data transactions, verifies exchanges, and quickly, accurately, and securely sends and receives data between parties. The Transaction Controller service also logs the data contracts between PDA owners and PDA-enabled applications.